如何精确表征功率器件高流/高压下的I-V曲线?

2024-05-08
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摘要 静态参数主要是指本身固有的,与其工作条件无关的相关参数。静态参数测试又叫稳态或者DC(直流)状态测试,施加激励(电压/电流)到稳定状态后再进行的测试。主要包括:栅极开启电压、栅极击穿电压、源极漏级间耐压、源极漏级间漏电流、寄生电容(输入电容、转移电容、输出电容),以及以上参数的相关特性曲线的测试。功率器件静态测试系统具有更优的测试能力、更准确的测量结果、更高的可靠性与更全面的测试能力。

     功率半导体器件一直是电力电子技术发展的重要组成部分,是电力电子装置实现电能转换、电源管理的核心器件,又称为电力电子器件,主要功能有变频、变压、整流、功率转换和管理等,兼具节能功效。随着电力电子应用领域的不断扩展和电力电子技术水平的提高,功率半导体器件也在不断发展和创新,其应用领域已从工业控制和消费电子拓展至新能源、轨道交通、智能电网、变频家电等诸多市场,市场规模呈现稳健增长态势。随着行业技术革新和新材料性能发展,功率半导体器件结构朝复杂化演进,功率半导体的衬底材料朝大尺寸和新材料方向发展。以SiC(碳化硅)、GaN(氮化镓)为代表的第三代宽禁带半导体材料迅速崛起,它们通常具有高击穿电场、高热导率、高迁移率、高饱和电子速度、高电子密度、高温稳定性以及可承受大功率等特点,使其在光电器件、电力电子、射频微波器件、激光器和探测器件等方面展现出巨大的潜力。碳化硅(Silicone Carbide,  SiC)是目前最受行业关注的半导体材料之一,从材料层面看,SiC是一种由硅(Si)和碳(C)构成的化合物半导体材料;绝缘击穿场强(BreakdownField)是Si的10倍,带隙(EnergyGap)是Si的3倍,饱和电子漂移速率是硅的2倍,能够实现“高耐压”、“低导通电阻”、“高频”这三个特性。从SiC的器件结构层面探究,SiC 器件漂移层电阻比 Si 器件要小,不必使用电导率调制,就能以具有快速器件结构特征的 MOSFET 同时实现高耐压和低导通电阻。与 600V~900V 的 Si MOSFET 相比,SiC  MOSFET具有芯片面积小、体二极管的反向恢复损耗非常小等优点。

传感专家

    不同材料、不同技术的功率器件的性能差异很大。市面上传统的测量技术或者仪器仪表一般可以覆盖器件特性的测试需求。但是宽禁带半导体器件SiC(碳化硅)或GaN(氮化镓)的技术却极大扩展了高压、高速的分布区间,如何精确表征功率器件高流/高压下的I-V曲线或其它静态特性,这就对器件的测试工具提出更为严苛的挑战。

传感专家

   静态参数主要是指本身固有的,与其工作条件无关的相关参数。静态参数测试又叫稳态或者DC(直流)状态测试,施加激励(电压/电流)到稳定状态后再进行的测试。主要包括:栅极开启电压、栅极击穿电压、源极漏级间耐压、源极漏级间漏电流、寄生电容(输入电容、转移电容、输出电容),以及以上参数的相关特性曲线的测试。

     围绕第三代宽禁带半导体静态参数测试中的常见问题,如扫描模式对SiC    MOSFET    阈值电压漂移的影响、温度及脉宽对SiC MOSFET    导通电阻的影响、等效电阻及等效电感对SiC           MOSFET导通压降测试的影响、线路等效电容对SiC   MOSFET测试的影响等多个维度,针对测试中存在的测不准、测不全、可靠性以及效率低的问题,普赛斯仪表提供一种基于国产化高精度数字源表(SMU)的测试方案,具有更优的测试能力、更准确的测量结果、更高的可靠性与更全面的测试能力。

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